The map can also show ‘Welsh Atlantis’ rooted in reality, say lecturers

 The map can also show ‘Welsh Atlantis’ rooted in reality, say lecturers

it is believed to be the Welsh Atlantis, a lost land lying underneath the
water at Cardigan Bay. For as a minimum 800 years, stories have been advised
of the legend of Cantre’r Gwaelod, but proof that it genuinely existed has
been scant.

Now, a medieval map depicting  islands off the Ceredigion coast gives a
few proof that the legend can be rooted in historical reality, according to a
BBC document.

the invention has been made with the aid of Simon Haslett, honorary professor
of physical geography at Swansea college, and David Willis, Jesus professor of
Celtic on the university of Oxford.

Haslett, who went in search of lost islands in Cardigan Bay even as he was a
touring fellow at Jesus university, Oxford, explained that the two islands are
without a doubt marked on the Gough map, held in the collections of the
university’s Bodleian library.

The report is believed to be the earliest surviving entire map of the British
Isles, dating from as early because the mid-13th century. The pair have posted
their findings in the magazine Atlantic Geoscience.

two islands are depicted, every approximately 1 / 4 the dimensions of
Anglesey. One island is offshore among Aberystwyth and Aberdyfi and the
opposite farther north toward Barmouth, Gwynedd.

Haslett informed the BBC: “The Gough map is extraordinarily correct
considering the surveying tools they could have had at their disposal at that
time.

“the 2 islands are definitely marked and can corroborate contemporary bills of
a misplaced land stated inside the Black book of Carmarthen.”

Cardiff college’s Welsh folklore expert, Dr Juliette timber – who turned into
no longer concerned on this research – informed the BBC the Black e book’s
account become key to anchoring the story in Welsh myth.

“The Gough map might also have its origins round 1280; quickly earlier than
that, round 1250, you have got the Black book of Carmarthen.”

Drawing on preceding surveys of the bay and information of the advance and
retreat of glaciers and silt since the ultimate ice age approximately 10,000
years in the past, Haslett and Willis have been capable to indicate how the
islands can also have come into existence after which disappeared again.

Haslett stated: “I think the evidence for the islands, and probable
consequently the legends connected with them, is in  strands.

“first off, coordinates recorded with the aid of the Roman cartographer
Ptolemy advocate that the shoreline on the time can also had been a few 8
miles similarly west than it is today.

“And, secondly, the evidence offered by the Gough map for the lifestyles of
two islands in Cardigan Bay.

He introduced that folk legends of being able to walk among lands now
separated by means of sea may be a folks memory stemming from rising sea
ranges after the last ice age.

Archie Bland and Nimo Omer take you through the pinnacle stories and what they
imply, unfastened each weekday morning

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Mark Merrony, an archaeologist and Roman professional stated it changed into
top notch that the street have been missed till now

Romans ventured deeper into Wales than thought, avenue discovery shows

read extra

“but, legends of sudden inundation, such as inside the case of Cantre’r
Gwaelod, might be more likely to be recalling sea floods and erosion, both by
way of storms or tsunami, that could have compelled the population to desert
residing along such susceptible coasts.”

wood added: “people, now as much as then, need to discover a way of explaining
things which appear simply unexplainable, mainly at some stage in hard
instances.

“The romanticists the various Celtic population want to discover which means
and a belief machine to make feel of the modern hardships.”

Haslett, however, warned that his findings ought to have greater bearing at
the future than the past.

“these tactics didn’t show up just as soon as, they’re still ongoing,” he
said.

“With rising sea tiers and greater extreme storms, it’s been advised that
people living around Cardigan Bay could become some of Britain’s first weather
trade refugees, within our lifetimes.”

A-degree results: students face remaining-minute scramble for college places

Admissions teams report surge in interest from college students seeking out
places thru clearing

Tens of lots of students coming across their A-stage consequences face a
last-minute scramble to cozy places at united kingdom universities, many of
that have said that opposition will be fierce and places hard to locate for
the maximum popular courses.

On Wednesday, the eve of effects day for A-stages, BTecs and the authorities’s
new T-degrees, college admissions groups mentioned a surge in hobby from
college students looking for places thru clearing, a system that matches
unplaced college students with unfilled courses.

A-level outcomes day will now not be ‘ache-loose’, head of Ucas says

In what’s predicted to be a turbulent year for admissions, A-stage effects in
England, Wales and northerly ireland had been anticipated to drop sharply
after the authorities intervened to rein in grade inflation over the
last  years of instructor-assessed grades.

the first cohort to take a seat A-degrees with out doing GCSE checks, which
have been cancelled due to the pandemic, are anticipated to do better on
common than in 2019 when tests had been closing sat. but grades are likely to
be appreciably lower than closing yr, whilst almost 45% of all A-levels had
been graded A or A*.

colleges that benefited from the most important grade uplift all through the
pandemic are probable to peer the sharpest falls, among them impartial schools
wherein the percentage of top grades rose by 9 percent factors to 70%,
compared with six percentage points some other place.

On Thursday, the schooling secretary, James Cleverly, said it changed into
“always the plan” to get outcomes down this 12 months after greater
beneficiant grades for the duration of the pandemic, but insisted that most
college students could get their first desire of universities.

speakme to Sky news he stated: “college students would possibly get slightly
decrease grades than possibly they had been looking ahead to and hoping for
[but] I think we have to see most of the people of students get into the
institutions they need to.

“these days we’re going to see masses of hundreds of happy students entering
into their first desire establishments and lots of others going to extremely
good universities or apprenticeships or employment, the use of clearing, or
clearing plus all of the other advice and help available to them.”

He brought: “What we’ve got got to do is get returned to high school-based
coaching and exam-based totally assessment. This year, we’ve got taken a step
toward normality. that is what the coaching profession wants and its students,
employers and establishments want. we’ve accomplished it in a modern and
honest manner.”

Headteachers inside the country quarter – who’ve had an early viewing in their
outcomes, which went out to colleges on Wednesday – were carefully
constructive, reporting few surprises and in a few cases higher than expected
consequences. Uncertainty remains around university locations, however, with
higher call for from a bigger cohort and conservative offer-making from
leading establishments.

Cleverly stated: “in spite of the nerves that humans will sense, I want to
reassure every body collecting their results that anything your grades, there
has never been a better variety of opportunities to be had.

“whether or not happening to one in all our international-leading
universities, a 86f68e4d402306ad3cd330d005134dac apprenticeship, or the sector
of work, college students have interesting alternatives as they put together
to take their next steps.”

An analysis from the Liberal Democrats cautioned seventy five,000 A-level
entries might be downgraded from A and A* because of modifications to grade
barriers. The research, based on a simplified version of exam boards’ grading
process that draws a inflexible midpoint among 2021 and pre-pandemic grading,
indicates some topics can be worse affected than others.

arithmetic, sociology, law, English and enterprise studies had the smallest
discount in A and A* grades, while song, drama, Spanish, acting arts and PE
had the largest. there has been a wide fashion towards humanities topics being
more stricken by the shifting grade boundaries.

Mark Corver, founding father of dataHE, which advises universities on
admissions, stated he anticipated “the distance among expectations and effects
is probably very wide this 12 months”, given that the modern cohort had
visible their barely older friends “going to selective universities in
document numbers”.

“It wouldn’t were unreasonable if they envisaged a comparable destiny for
themselves, but that’s quite not going to occur,” he said. He brought that
this year’s admissions cycle would feel like a step backwards, towards the
“deliver-constrained” years of 2010-12, and reversing “a decade of essentially
increasing pupil desire”.

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The university admissions service, Ucas, expects “the general public” of
college students will benefit an area at their first desire college, however
the state of affairs at the floor is still fluid.

Ella Kirkbride, the pinnacle of admissions on the university of Hull, stated:
“We assume demand for places via clearing may be excessive. that is already
reflected in the numbers who’ve signed up for our clearing updates – that’s up
by 228%.”

Loughborough, Hull, Northumbria, De Montfort and Nottingham Trent universities
all reported more interest and inquiries from students in switching guides in
clearing.

Nick Hudson, the leader executive officer of Ormiston Academies consider,
became hopeful most of his students could get the places they have been aiming
for. “we’re seeing strong results above the average grades carried out in 2019
and in step with 2020 while checks had been no longer taken – and that applies
to students across the board together with folks who are excessive-acting and
those who’re deprived.”

higher schooling insiders say there is sufficient capability across the world
as a whole to offset the confined supply at the maximum selective
universities, with space at decrease-ranked establishments, many of that have
formidable boom plans in addition to locations freed up by using a fall in
part-time and mature scholar applications.

they’re also cautioning college students who are unhappy with their gives to
assume difficult before deferring and reapplying next yr, caution a similarly
increase in 18-year-olds in the united kingdom subsequent yr way software
numbers are probably to be even higher and opposition extra.

in the meantime, Cleverly has backed the usage of statistics on a scholar’s
history to decide college locations, disregarding guidelines in some quarters
of “social engineering” in favour of humans from deprived areas.

In an interview with the Telegraph, he said: “If universities are recognising
that for a few students in some situations, getting the top grade or whatever
grade they’re making offers towards, are more difficult than college students
from other colleges and other backgrounds then I’m now not uncomfortable with
that.”

If a scholar’s better overall performance is in opposition to a greater hard
historical past, it is not incorrect “that that is regarded”, Cleverly added.